As a CNC lathe operator, it is necessary to understand some necessary programming knowledge. As we all know, the reason why the CNC lathe can actively process parts of different shapes, sizes and high precision is because the CNC lathe is "received" and "processed" by its CNC equipment according to the pre-programmed processing program, so as to realize the processing of the parts. For active machining control, when machining parts with a CNC lathe, the first thing to do is to write a machining program. The whole process from analyzing the drawing of the part to obtaining the control medium required by the CNC lathe is called programming, and the specific programming is as follows:
1. Drawing analysis: According to the drawings and technical documents of the processed parts, analyze the general shape, related markings, dimensions, accuracy, surface roughness, roughness, blank types, number of pieces, materials, and heat treatment requirements of the parts to form a preliminary processing plan .
2. Auxiliary preparation: Determine the machine tool and fixture, machine tool coordinate system, programming coordinate system, tool preparation, tool setting method, tool setting point positioning and measuring mechanical clearance according to the analysis of the drawings.
3. Drafting the processing technology: drafting the processing technology plan, determining the processing method, the allocation of processing lines and allowances, positioning and clamping methods, and the reasonable selection of machine tools, cutting tools and cutting parameters.
4. Numerical calculation: Before compiling the program, some unknown coordinate values of the processing track need to be calculated. As the program input data, it mainly includes: numerical conversion, proportional chain calculation, coordinate calculation and auxiliary calculation, etc. For complex processing curves and curved surfaces, accounting machines must be used to assist in accounting.
5. Writing the processing program table: According to the determined processing path, tool number, tool shape, cutting amount, auxiliary actions, numerical calculation results, according to the function instruction code and program segment style used in the rules of CNC lathes, the processing program is written segment by segment . In addition, the necessary processing drawings, tool drawings, machine tool adjustment cards, process cards and other processing conditions should also be attached.
6. Making the control medium: After the processing program is completed, the content of the processing program needs to be recorded on the control medium so as to be input into the numerical control equipment. Such as punched tape, tape and floppy disk, etc., can also choose to manually input the program into the numerical control equipment.
7. Program verification: The processing program needs to pass verification and trial cutting before it can be used formally. Generally, you can check whether there are errors in the program pattern through the trial operation of the CNC lathe, or use the anti-real software to check the correctness of the tool processing path. According to the general shape of the imitation of the processing, check it against the drawings. However, these methods are unable to check the size of the part error caused by the tool offset error and the inaccurate programming calculation, as well as whether the cutting amount is appropriate, the chip breaking effect of the tool and the surface quality of the workpiece. To meet the requirements, it is necessary to select the first block for testing, and check the actual effect with the most cutting-edge method in order to modify the program.
