A metal lathe is a type of lathe specially designed for machining metal parts. In fact, they can support many types of metals and alloys, including steel, aluminum, copper, and iron. Like other lathes, they can be used to perform many types of machining processes, such as: cutting, grinding, drilling and turning. In addition, there are many types of metalworking lathes, and each type of lathe has a different method of operation.
Ordinary lathes mainly include the following components:
1. Spindle box: It is used to support the spindle, and the transmission and speed change device of the spindle is installed, so that the spindle can obtain various rotational speeds to realize the main cutting motion. 2. Feed box: also called the tool box, which enables the tool holder to obtain various feed amounts to realize the feed movement of the tool. Complete the machining of threads with different pitches or change the feed amount of the motorized feed. Its motion is input from the headstock, and then sent out by the lead screw or light bar. 3. Slider box: also known as pallet box, it transmits the motion from the feed box to the tool holder, so that the tool holder can realize vertical and horizontal motorized feed, threading or rapid movement. The slide box is connected with the slide and can move along the bed guide rail. 4. Switch bar: used to control the start and stop of the machine tool. Some machine tools do not have a switch lever, but start or stop directly with a button. 5. Smooth bar: used to drive the longitudinal movement of the large slide or the lateral movement of the middle slide when turning the inner and outer surfaces or end faces. 6. Lead screw: When turning the thread, the lead screw makes the slide plate and the tool holder move at the required speed. 7. Slide: The slide is divided into three layers, the big slide is at the bottom, followed by the middle slide and the small slide. The large slide can move longitudinally along the bed guide rail for turning long workpieces; the middle slide, also known as the horizontal slide, is used for lateral turning, such as turning end faces; the small slide is used for longitudinally turning shorter workpieces, such as Short tapered workpiece. 8. Square tool holder: used for clamping tools. 9. Tailstock: It is located on the tailstock rail of the bed, and the position can be adjusted longitudinally along this rail. A center or drill can be installed in the tailstock sleeve hole to support the workpiece or drill. 10. Machine bed: It is the basic support of the machine tool. All the main components of the machine tool are installed on the bed, and the accurate relative positional relationship and relative motion relationship between the components are ensured. 11. Bed legs: mainly used to support the bed. The coolant tank, motor base, switchboard, etc. of some lathes are also designed in the bed legs to make full use of its space. 12. Other parts or accessories: such as center frame, tool rest, etc.
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